"mare" meaning in Middle English

See mare in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈmaːr(ə)/ [oblique, stem] (note: from mear-; of mearh), /ˈmɛ̞ːr(ə)/ (note: from mere), /ˈmyr(ə)/ [Southern] (note: from miere) Forms: mares [plural], meare [alternative], mure [alternative, Early-Middle-English, Southern], meir [alternative], mer [alternative], meyre [alternative]
Etymology: Originally two distinct nouns: * Old English miere (Anglian Old English mære, mere), from Proto-West Germanic *marhijā, from Proto-Germanic *marhijō. * Old English mearh, from Proto-West Germanic *marh, from Proto-Germanic *marhaz, with the final vowel and semantics of miere. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|mare}}, {{inh|enm|ang|miere}} Old English miere, {{cog|ang-ang|mære}} Anglian Old English mære, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*marhijā}} Proto-West Germanic *marhijā, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*marhijō}} Proto-Germanic *marhijō, {{inh|enm|ang|mearh}} Old English mearh, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*marh}} Proto-West Germanic *marh, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*marhaz}} Proto-Germanic *marhaz Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} mare, {{enm-noun}} mare (plural mares)
  1. A horse (member of the species Equus ferus)
    Sense id: en-mare-enm-noun-5knQHeBb Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Horses, Mythological creatures Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 41 4 13 29 12 Disambiguation of Horses: 56 17 13 9 4 Disambiguation of Mythological creatures: 38 9 16 26 11
  2. A mare (female horse or other equine)
    Sense id: en-mare-enm-noun-TrSUqySp Categories (other): Female animals Disambiguation of Female animals: 8 80 4 7 2
  3. (derogatory, rare) A woman or effeminate man. Tags: derogatory, rare
    Sense id: en-mare-enm-noun-NgYGw1CZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈmaːr(ə)/ Forms: mares [plural], mere [alternative]
Etymology: Inherited from Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”), from Proto-West Germanic *marā, from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“feminine evil spirit”). The form mere is either by analogy with mere, variant of mare (“horse, mare”) or by confusion with mere. Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|spirit}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|mare||nightmare, monster|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”), {{inh+|enm|ang|mare||nightmare, monster}} Inherited from Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”), {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*marā}} Proto-West Germanic *marā, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*marǭ||nightmare, incubus}} Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), {{inh|enm|ine-pro|*mor-||feminine evil spirit}} Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“feminine evil spirit”) Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} mare, {{enm-noun}} mare (plural mares)
  1. An evil spirit believed to be active during the night. Synonyms: nyghtmare
    Sense id: en-mare-enm-noun-qeQRGi2T Categories (other): Night Disambiguation of Night: 11 0 0 86 3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|altform=1}} mare
  1. (Lancashire) alternative form of merren Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: merren
    Sense id: en-mare-enm-verb-IJFT9-rf Categories (other): Lancashire Middle English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "mare"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "meir"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "meer"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mere"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mear"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "meir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "mare"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "miere"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English miere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang-ang",
        "2": "mære"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglian Old English mære",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*marhijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *marhijā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marhijō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marhijō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "mearh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English mearh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*marh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *marh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marhaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marhaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally two distinct nouns:\n* Old English miere (Anglian Old English mære, mere), from Proto-West Germanic *marhijā, from Proto-Germanic *marhijō.\n* Old English mearh, from Proto-West Germanic *marh, from Proto-Germanic *marhaz, with the final vowel and semantics of miere.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mares",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "meare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mure",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "meir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "meyre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "mare",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mare (plural mares)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 4 13 29 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 17 13 9 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "enm:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 9 16 26 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Mythological creatures",
          "orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A horse (member of the species Equus ferus)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mare-enm-noun-5knQHeBb",
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member#English"
        ],
        [
          "Equus ferus",
          "Equus ferus#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 80 4 7 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Female animals",
          "orig": "enm:Female animals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A mare (female horse or other equine)"
      ],
      "id": "en-mare-enm-noun-TrSUqySp",
      "links": [
        [
          "mare",
          "mare#English"
        ],
        [
          "female",
          "female#English"
        ],
        [
          "horse",
          "horse#English"
        ],
        [
          "equine",
          "equine#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A woman or effeminate man."
      ],
      "id": "en-mare-enm-noun-NgYGw1CZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "effeminate",
          "effeminate"
        ],
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory, rare) A woman or effeminate man."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaːr(ə)/",
      "note": "from mear-; of mearh",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmɛ̞ːr(ə)/",
      "note": "from mere"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmyr(ə)/",
      "note": "from miere",
      "tags": [
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mare"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "mare"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "mare"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "mare"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "mare"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "mair"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "mare"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "maire"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
      "lang_code": "xno",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "mare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, monster",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, monster"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*marā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *marā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mor-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "feminine evil spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“feminine evil spirit”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”), from Proto-West Germanic *marā, from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“feminine evil spirit”).\nThe form mere is either by analogy with mere, variant of mare (“horse, mare”) or by confusion with mere.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mares",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "mare",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mare (plural mares)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 0 0 86 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Night",
          "orig": "enm:Night",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An evil spirit believed to be active during the night."
      ],
      "id": "en-mare-enm-noun-qeQRGi2T",
      "links": [
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ],
        [
          "believe",
          "believe"
        ],
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nyghtmare"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaːr(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mare"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mare",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "merren"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lancashire Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of merren"
      ],
      "id": "en-mare-enm-verb-IJFT9-rf",
      "links": [
        [
          "merren",
          "merren#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Lancashire",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Lancashire) alternative form of merren"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mare"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Pages with 40 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Female animals",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Mythological creatures",
    "enm:Night"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "mare"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "meir"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "meer"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mere"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mear"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "meir"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "mare"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "miere"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English miere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang-ang",
        "2": "mære"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglian Old English mære",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*marhijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *marhijā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marhijō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marhijō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "mearh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English mearh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*marh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *marh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marhaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marhaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally two distinct nouns:\n* Old English miere (Anglian Old English mære, mere), from Proto-West Germanic *marhijā, from Proto-Germanic *marhijō.\n* Old English mearh, from Proto-West Germanic *marh, from Proto-Germanic *marhaz, with the final vowel and semantics of miere.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mares",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "meare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mure",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "meir",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "meyre",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "mare",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mare (plural mares)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A horse (member of the species Equus ferus)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member#English"
        ],
        [
          "Equus ferus",
          "Equus ferus#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A mare (female horse or other equine)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mare",
          "mare#English"
        ],
        [
          "female",
          "female#English"
        ],
        [
          "horse",
          "horse#English"
        ],
        [
          "equine",
          "equine#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English derogatory terms",
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A woman or effeminate man."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "effeminate",
          "effeminate"
        ],
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory, rare) A woman or effeminate man."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaːr(ə)/",
      "note": "from mear-; of mearh",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmɛ̞ːr(ə)/",
      "note": "from mere"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmyr(ə)/",
      "note": "from miere",
      "tags": [
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mare"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 40 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Female animals",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Mythological creatures",
    "enm:Night"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "mare"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "mare"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "mare"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "mare"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "mair"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "mare"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "mare"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "maire"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglo-Norman",
      "lang_code": "xno",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "mare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, monster",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, monster"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*marā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *marā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mor-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "feminine evil spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“feminine evil spirit”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English mare (“nightmare, monster”), from Proto-West Germanic *marā, from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“feminine evil spirit”).\nThe form mere is either by analogy with mere, variant of mare (“horse, mare”) or by confusion with mere.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mares",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "mare",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "mare (plural mares)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An evil spirit believed to be active during the night."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ],
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ],
        [
          "believe",
          "believe"
        ],
        [
          "active",
          "active"
        ],
        [
          "night",
          "night"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nyghtmare"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈmaːr(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mare"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 40 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Female animals",
    "enm:Horses",
    "enm:Mythological creatures",
    "enm:Night"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "mare",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "merren"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Lancashire Middle English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of merren"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "merren",
          "merren#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Lancashire",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Lancashire) alternative form of merren"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "mare"
}

Download raw JSONL data for mare meaning in Middle English (7.6kB)

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (c4ca749 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.